PTE写作SWT题如何答题

今天羊驼给各位正在PTE备考的同学们带来了老师讲解的PTE写作SWT题的例题讲解和答题技巧：Double blind，这两个单词看上去很简单，但是这道题是非常难的。没有关系，看不懂并不会影响，这道题还是可以做出来。

一、PTE写作SWT题的原文：

The feature of being "double blind", where neither patients nor physicians are aware of who receives the experimental treatment, is almost universally trumpeted as being a virtue of clinical trials. Hence, trials that fail to remain successfully double blind are regarded as providing inferior evidential support. The rationale for this view is unobjectionable: double blinding rules out the potential confounding influences of potentially confounding influences of patient and physician beliefs. Nonetheless, viewing double blind trial as necessarily superior is problematic. For one, it leads to the paradox that very effective experimental treatments will not be supportable by best evidence. If a new drug were to make even the most severe symptoms of common cold disappear within seconds, most participants and investigators would correctly identify it as the latest wonder drug and not the control (i.e. placebo) treatment. Any trial testing the effectiveness of this wonder drug will therefore fail to remain double blind. Similar problems arise for treatments, such as exercise and most surgical techniques, whose nature make them resistant to being tested in double blind conditions. It seems strange that an account of evidence should make priori judgments that certain claims can never be supported by "best evidence". It would be different if the claims at issue were pseudo-scientific untestable. But so far as treatments with large effects to, the claim that they are effective is highly testable and intuitively they should receive greater support from the evidence than do claims about treatments with moderate effects.

二、PTE写作SWT题的答案：

Viewing double-blind trial as necessarily superior is problematic, because it can lead to the paradox that very effective experimental treatments will not be supportable by best evidence, and it will cause similar problems for treatments, and as treatments with large effects go, the claim that they are effective is highly testable and intuitively they should receive greater support from the evidence than make claims about treatments with moderate effects. (69 words)

三、PTE写作SWT题的翻译：

“双盲”的特点，即患者和医生都不知道谁接受了实验性治疗，几乎被普遍吹捧为临床试验的优点。

The feature of being "double blind", where neither patients nor physicians are aware of who receives the experimental treatment, is almost universally trumpeted as being a virtue of clinical trials. 

因此，不能成功保持双盲的试验被认为提供了较差的证据支持。 

Hence, trials that fail to remain successfully double blind are regarded as providing inferior evidential support. 

这种观点的基本原理是无可辩驳的:双重盲法排除了患者和医生信念的潜在混淆影响。 

The rationale for this view is unobjectionable: double blinding rules out the potential confounding influences of potentially confounding influences of patient and physician beliefs. 

然而，将双盲试验视为必然优越是有问题的。 

Nonetheless, viewing double blind trial as necessarily superior is problematic. 

首先，它导致了一个悖论，即非常有效的实验治疗不会得到最好证据的支持。

 For one, it leads to the paradox that very effective experimental treatments will not be supportable by best evidence.

如果一种新药能在几秒钟内使最严重的普通感冒症状消失，大多数参与者和调查人员都会正确地将其识别为最新的特效药，而不是对照(即安慰剂)治疗。

If a new drug were to make even the most severe symptoms of common cold disappear within seconds, most participants and investigators would correctly identify it as the latest wonder drug and not the control (i.e. placebo) treatment. 

因此，任何测试这种神奇药物有效性的试验都不能保持双盲。 

Any trial testing the effectiveness of this wonder drug will therefore fail to remain double blind. 

类似的问题也出现在治疗上，比如运动和大多数手术技术，它们的性质使它们无法在双盲条件下进行测试。 

Similar problems arise for treatments, such as exercise and most surgical techniques, whose nature make them resistant to being tested in double blind conditions. 

似乎很奇怪的是，对证据的描述应该做出先验判断，认为某些主张永远不能得到“最佳证据”的支持。 

It seems strange that an account of evidence should make priori judgments that certain claims can never be supported by "best evidence". 

如果争论中的主张是无法检验的伪科学，那就不同了。 

It would be different if the claims at issue were pseudo-scientific untestable. 

但就治疗效果而言，声称它们有效是高度可测试的，直觉上，它们应该得到更多证据的支持，而不是声称效果中等的治疗。 

But so far as treatments with large effects to, the claim that they are effective is highly testable and intuitively they should receive greater support from the evidence than do claims about treatments with moderate effects.

四、PTE写作SWT题的解析：

第一部分：PTE写作SWT题的生难词积累

blind，盲目或者盲目的，它可以做名词，可以做形容词；Trump鼓吹，做动词；Rational，全部的理由，根本理由，根本原因；trial实验；test可测试的和intuitively直观的，这是一些比较难的单词。

第二部分：PTE写作SWT题的原文解析

1、The feature of being double blind when patient ofys are aware of who receive the treatments is almost reversely trumpet as being a virtue of，关于这个doubleline，它的定义是什么，也提到了这个病人和医师，我们可以先不从这么专业的角度来理解。你可以这么来理解，我要去做一个测试，比方说看了一个月的抖音和看了一个月的快手，这两批人会怎么样，那我就分两批人，一批人只要他们下载抖音，另外一批人只要他们下载快手，这个时候我就进行对比。那么我是有目的的，我要知道我的目的是什么，我的方法是什么，我的结果是什么，那我作为被测试者，我是不是也知道，这个是双方都彼此非常清楚对方要干什么，并且知道自己的目的是什么，我的方法是什么的，结论大概是什么的情况之下，这个叫做trial。

2、双盲的意思是我现在在做这个实验，但我也不知道谁是这个参考组，谁是这个变量组。我现在让你做这些事情，我自己都不知道我在干什么，我可能是上面给我下达了某种任务，我作为被测试的人，我也不知道我最终测试的目的到底是什么，也就是两方人都完全不清楚现在要干什么，只是依照着规则去做。然后最终的时候得出来这个结论才知道，原来我的目的是这个，原来我现在测的是这个，这个叫做双盲实验。

3、所以这道题当中，Patience和physician都不知道，neither nor他们都不知道他们在经历的是一个怎么样的测试。没有看懂完全没关系，你只用知道首先double blind这个单词全文反复在出现，所以在我的答案当中，double blind这个单词是肯定要有的。然后我们看到第三段，such as, similar problem arise for treatment的这个such as, 后面可能要举个例子，那前面这个要；but位于全文的结尾，肯定要；Nonetheless前面说了一大堆，肯定要；For one一方面是什么，也可以要。前面说双盲是很好的，但是双盲也是有problematic的，它也是有问题的，然后就告诉你问题都有哪些。

第三部分：PTE写作SWT题的答案解析

我的建议是，不论看懂也好，没看懂也好，只要把这里面反复出现的词、一些被举例的单词、位于结尾又是转折之后的句子找到拼接在一起，给出一个5~75个字的一个答案出来，记住是一句话。做好之后，这道题也就拿下了。而不用去纠结到底什么叫double blind, 到底这篇文章它传递的信息是什么？是不用去纠结的。